PARS: an urban context framework for residential adaptive reuse
The study introduces the Potential Adaptive Reuse Score (PARS), a computational framework that evaluates the residential conversion potential of non-residential buildings based on their surrounding urban context. Using 2024 municipal building inventory data from Istanbul, the researchers analyzed 1,454 office, shopping mall, and commercial buildings across four spatial indicators: Population-Amenity Balance, Amenity Diversity, metro-based Connectivity, and Amenity-Rent Alignment. These indicators, grounded in 15-minute city principles, were aggregated using both equal-weight and Random Forest-derived weighting schemes to rank each building's readiness for residential life.
Why it matters — It shifts the evaluation of adaptive reuse from purely structural, building-level characteristics to the surrounding neighborhood's capacity to support daily residential needs. This provides urban planners with a transferable, data-driven method to identify and prioritize viable conversion candidates during early-stage planning.
Caveat: The framework evaluates suitability based entirely on external urban context and accessibility, without integrating internal building-level structural or architectural feasibility constraints.